Monday, July 6, 2009

Note that snake venoms are generally not dangerous when ingested, and are therefore not technically poisons.

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Snake venom is a mixture of toxins and different enzymes used for other purposes like increasing the prey's uptake of toxins.

* Phosphodiesterases are used to interfere with the prey's cardiac system, mainly to lower the blood pressure.
* Snake venom inhibits cholinesterase to make the prey lose muscle control.
* Hyaluronidase increases tissue permeability to increase the rate that other enzymes are absorbed into the prey's tissues.
* Amino acid oxidases and proteases are used for digestion. Amino acid oxidase also triggers some other enzymes and is responsible for the yellow color of the venom of some species.
* Snake venom often contains ATPases which are used for breaking down ATP to disrupt the prey's energy fuel use.

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